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| The Middle Grades--Helping Your Child Through Early Adolescence |
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What is school like for young adolescents? It is likely that you attended a junior high school. It probably combined grades seven through nine and resembled a mini high school. You probably moved from class to class throughout the school day and had a different teacher for each subject. During the past 20 years, many changes have taken place in how young adolescents are educated. These changes continue as we learn more about how these children develop and learn. Today, fewer and fewer young adolescents attend junior highs. Instead, a growing number attend middle schools. Most of these schools are for grades six through eight. As a parent, you may wonder, "Is one grade structure better than another for my child? Most educators believe (and research confirms) that the way a school organizes the grades is not as important as what goes on inside the school. Most young teens entering a new school find that it's a big change. They're used to being the oldest; once again they're the youngest. Many classmates are new, as are the routines and the schoolwork. Coming at a time when young teens are undergoing many other stressful changes, the move to a new school can be overwhelming and have a negative impact on motivation and self-esteem. Because of this, many middle schools have programs to ease the transition. For example, they might invite elementary school students to visit the middle school to become familiar with the building, lockers and changing classrooms. Or, administrators of the middle and elementary schools might meet to discuss programs. School counselors might meet to talk about how to help students make a smooth transition. These and other practices can help make the new school seem friendlier. Hormones may be fluctuating, but young teens of all backgrounds and with a broad range of personal characteristics still absorb vast amounts of information. They also can benefit from a strong curriculum. As young adolescents develop their cognitive skills, they are able to complete longer and more involved projects and to explore subjects in more depth. Young teens generally benefit from being exposed to a broad range of experiences and programs— academic, recreational and vocational. These opportunities take advantage of their natural curiosity and can familiarize them with new worlds and possibilities. These exploratory programs can also be fun. For these reasons, some schools provide opportunities both in and out of school for students to participate in sports as well as in programs to learn subjects that range from foreign languages, to music, to drama, to technology. Many schools also encourage students to participate in volunteer or community service projects. Exploratory programs can help young teens figure out where they fit in and allow them to think about their future plans. More educators and policymakers are becoming aware of the high levels that young teens can achieve. This awareness is leading to still more change in middle-grades education: in what gets taught, how it is taught, how teachers are prepared and how to assess what students know and can do. U.S. Department of Education |